What note is at the 6th fret on the 5th (A) string?

The note at the 6th fret on the 5th (A) string is F#. To understand why this is the case, it's important to recognize how the notes progress on the guitar fretboard.

Starting from the open A string, the first fret corresponds to A# (or Bb), the second fret corresponds to B, the third fret is C, the fourth fret is C#, the fifth fret is D, and finally, the sixth fret is D#. Moving forward, the seventh fret on the A string would then be E. So, counting each fret sequentially gives a clear understanding that the 6th fret specifically identifies F#.

Additionally, each fret on the guitar represents a half-step increase in pitch. Therefore, counting six half-steps up from A leads to F#. This systematic approach to understanding the fretboard and counting semitones ensures that you not only identify notes accurately but also develop a comprehensive understanding of how to navigate the fretboard.